It lies at an altitude of between 1097 and 1219m above sea level [16]. Focus group discussions consisted of six to ten people and were held in one urban, two periurban and three rural subcounties purposively selected on the basis of presence of a tamarind population. Tall trees, if present in the East or North-East direction of the house, emanate negative energy. He couldnt see them. This probably points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica in these communities. Responses on propagation history of 60 tamarinds recorded within 12 quadrats reveal that slightly over half of the T. indica population is self-propagated (52%), 45% were planted while the propagation history for the remaining 3% was not known. Bourou S, Bowe C, Diouf M, Van Damme P. Ecological and human impacts on stand density and distribution of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in Senegal. Their heart beat fast. No one spoke the whole way there, from the village to the cemetery. I would have died a thousand times before doing that!, Look, there. Were afraid. Figure1 shows the location of study sites. The mature tamarinds have brittle shells. Despite having lost all of its lower branches, it rises at the other end of the cemetery like an enormous scarecrow, braving the most terrible storms and most powerful bolts of lightning. Bite down just after the first seed and pull away. Behind him. He thought of his relatives, of his mother. The dare of an idle young boy. Fountain Publishers. Urbanization has therefore indirectly contributed to reduction of the T. indica population. The observation that most of the T. indica on homesteads and abandoned compounds was in the vicinity of graves also points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica in these communities. Article Uganda Districts Information Handbook. Shapi M, Cheikhyoussef A, Mumbengegwi DR, Matengu K, Van Kent A, Sifani J. Evolution of data collection methods for indigenous knowledge systems at the Multidisciplinary Research Centre of the University of Namibia. A violent emotion gripped him. But the preferred tree for cemeteries is the tamarind rather than the veppamaram. It has the sweetest fruit of all the three tamarind trees on our land. Where am I?. Article Accessed 14 Dec 2008. Table3 is a summary of frequency citation of T. indica uses. Everything about VA Shiva Ayyadurai, the Indian who invented Email! Some warn that it is unwise to nap or sleep beneath a tamarind tree; this perhaps developing from the fact that very few plants, grass or even weeds will grow under the tree. It is used extensively in Indian cooking to enrich the taste of savoury dishes (especially with meat). They couldnt say exactly. Tamarindus indica was viewed as a useful tree by the majority of respondents. Head high, brisk step, anxious heart. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. A bigger portion of the rural population practices subsistence farming mostly growing annual crops [15, 16]. Poverty is rampant [17]. Family Practice. Tamarindus indica was reported as one of the species in sacred groves surrounding traditional shrines in the study area. 2010. This is in agreement with Bourou et al. Ekambaram P, Namitha T, Bhuvaneswari S, Aruljothi S, Vasanth D, Saravanakumar M. Therapeutic efficacy of Tamarindus indica L to protect against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the liver of female rats. Im alone in this cemetery! Data was processed using qualitative analytical methods. The area is located in eastern Uganda and lies between Longitude 33E and 34E and Latitudes 0N and 1N [15]. Sheridan MJ, Nyamweru C, editors. World Forest Series vol 12. Claim this business (877) 932-4259. They followed an invisible funeral march. Tamarind is an ingredient in Worcestershire sauce and is used in many dishes in Asia, South and Central America . Wait wasn't terrible but could be. Tamarindus indica has traditionally served to supplement the communities food needs especially during times of scarcity. Suddenly, his heart stopped. Scattered in bars, coffee shop and restaurants, a 25-minute walk from Kenyatta Local Market, the comfortable Tamarind Tree Hotel Nairobi comprises 160 rooms. You could hear them breathing. Ghosts only attack people who turn around. His legend would be as tall as that rotten tree. Corrections? The trees continue to yield fruit up to 50-60 years then productivity declines. Hes far away. A large tamarind tree provides ample shade beneath its branches. A comparison of the research findings on tamarind uses with those reported in literature (Table5) indicates that T. indica is largely underutilised in the study area. Tamarindus indica is considered a sacred tree in some parts of the world such as India and West Africa [7, 12, 34]. Antioxidants in some Ugandan fruits. He looked for it everywhere. Well even believe you fought the ghosts to hammer your nail., If something happens to you, well never forgive ourselves!, Dont wait for your nail to go all the way in!. When the time came, the group accompanied Manu to the cemeterys edge. Indigenous knowledge and uses concurred with scientifically proven nutritional and medicinal attributes of T. indica in literature which is significant given current trends towards affordable functional foods. Tamarindus indica possesses great potential to address various nutritional, health, socioeconomic and environmental constraints [7, 11, 12]. A group of teenagers from Murungapalayam wanted to test the mettle of their friend who denied that ghosts exist. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Respondents reported that a mature tamarind tree cannot be easily felled using an axe so entire trees were sold to limestone processors who could afford chain saws for felling the trees. Women are also more likely to plant and encourage their children to plant T. indica if knowledgeable about its nutritional and economic benefits. They watched their friend go off little by little, making his way further and further into the cemetery. The pyres had been extinguished. Nobody sees them. Google Scholar. May he not come haunting his near ones or the village. The research team provided information about the study then sought consent from participants or parents and guardians in case of respondents below 18years. People generally keep Tulsi and money plant in homes because they bring prosperity and good luck, according to Vastu Shastra. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Tamarind Tree is part of the global Open Education movement that believes that irrespective of background, class, gender, religion, caste, etc. No matter! Uganda Bureau of Statistics. More. Curr Sci. Furthermore T. indica is easily accessible to all community members. Both mature and green tamarinds are eaten. Having an intricate IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica or other conservation practices. Feng Shui Tips: 7 Plants That Bring Bad Luck To Your Home! Approximately half of the respondents had T. indica on their compounds or in homegardens (53%). 1996. http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff. This was done by climbing and shaking the tree so that the fruits fall to the ground and are picked. He approached the tree. Often there are some fallen beneath the tree. To 'Whosoever' searching for True Love How to feel Better when nothing else works? On that day, the nail will fall from the tree, freeing his soul from its ties to the world. [14] knowledge, attitudes and practices can be important indicators for conservation. If ghosts really do exist, then theyre waiting for the right moment to pounce on him. They pulled him forward. Gently remove the plant from the pot and cut dead or damaged roots. Rediscovering agriculture for human development. PubMed UNDP Uganda Human Development Report 2007. . Marshall M. Sampling for qualitative research. Forgive me, I beg you! His final scream was lost in the silence of his solitude. Dont turn around!, Its like theyre all coming down with him., It cant be true! Tamarind has played an important role in traditional medicine. From the bottom of their hearts, they prayed to all the gods. A common belief formerly prevalent in both districts was that whoever planted T. indica would die before tasting its fruit. It took forever to get himself situated and begin. doi:10.5455/jice.20130809114525. Such documentation contributes to providing local solutions or alternatives and instilling pride among rural communities about their traditional values [3]. Watering- In the summer and spring, your tamarind will grow beautifully. Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae): patterns of use in traditional African medicine. The majority of T. indica encountered (87%) was intercropped with other crops or trees. I suggested they try one. And what if its true? The bottle was then shaken to make a type of tamarindade which was enjoyed immensely. We are after all in Kashi, where one believes that there is no such thing as a ghost. Armed with the boldness of his seventeen years, he accepted the dare to drive a nail through the tamarind of the cemetery. Can the cemetery thus, perhaps, as a public place, help the poor meet their daily needs? It produces pods of fruit that taste sweet and sour when ripe and even more sour when unripe or dried. Accra, Ghana. 1036 South Jackson Street, Seattle, Washington 98104. Taylor-Powell E, Renner M. Analyzing qualitative data. Website. Tamarind propagation and silvicultural practices. Approximately half of respondents had T. indica on their compounds or homegardens (53%). The participants for semi-structured interviews were selected by locating a tamarind tree within a selected subcounty, then starting with the nearest home, every third household was selected along a road or path in an Eastwest direction. Who will go after him? No one had the courage to follow him. The local peoples observations (Table2) are in agreement with documented descriptions of T. indica as having strong roots and branches, wind resistant, highly resistant to disease attacks and able to grow successfully under a variety of soil and agroclimatic conditions [79, 12]. Whats happening? If it is not even colored or looks moldy throw it out and pick another. However, you may keep them in an open space or garden. Planting Tamarind. Many urban youth viewed consumption of some indigenous foods including tamarind as backward. Guidelines and good practices. Mal J Nutr. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Uganda/Uganda_National_Human_Development_Report_2007.pdf. Propagation of varieties with desirable characteristics for instance sweet fruit or high yielding need to be promoted. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The extremely hard tamarind wood probably accounts for the existence of very old . Unlike other tree seedlings that are usually destroyed before or during ploughing, T. indica seedlings were spared while saplings were pruned to enable easy maneuvering of the ox-plough commonly used in the area. From a certain angle, you can see it clearly, even from far away. Here are some of the rules that need to be followed to ensure that your house is Vaastu friendly and also some tips to help you select the plant. Qualitative information was analysed using qualitative methods namely theme analysis and content analysis [2325]. [28] argue that when people appreciate the value of biodiversity, they will be more likely to think about conservation in their day-to-day activities such as how to use land and other natural resources. Details of the various uses and mode of use of T. indica are summarized in Table2. While majority of urban youth despised consumption of tamarind, rural youth were more interested in earning an income from selling T. indica products. and De Caluw et al. The fruit has multiple small bulges, each bulge is a seed. For instance, planting fast maturing species for fuelwood and timber may help reduce pressure on T. indica for fuel thus conserving it for nondestructive uses such as provision of fruit and medicinal products. A huge one. What is woke capitalism? Applying gentle pressure will cause the shell to crack. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. But he wouldnt admit it. 1996;13:522525. Traditionally, the local inhabitants bury their dead on the compound or in the homestead. The branches of the tree are supple with small bright green, fine foliage which give the tree a graceful appearance. And its arms stretched longer as he stared. Shadows moved around the tombs. However fruits for sale were picked directly from trees to avoid contamination with soil as buyers would not accept visibly contaminated fruit. Are after all in Kashi, where one believes that there is no such thing as a useful tree the... North-East direction of the respondents had T. indica population in Asia, South and Central America his seventeen years he. 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